Research hotspots and trends of general medicine graduate theses in China
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摘要:
目的 中国全科医疗卫生服务和全科医学教育发展迅速，本研究分析国内全科医学专业研究生毕业课题的研究现状，反思存在的问题，为今后科研选题提供参考。 方法 在知网、万方检索学位年度为2013—2023的全科医学专业研究生学位论文，运用CiteSpace软件，从发文量、机构、关键词等方面进行统计及可视化分析。 结果 最终纳入2 475篇文献。2013—2014年全科医学专业学位论文较少，2015年起进入快速增长阶段。共有105个培养单位参与了此研究，高校间专业发展差距较大，合作较少。根据关键词可视化分析发现，排行前10的高频关键词分别为2型糖尿病、危险因素、影响因素、预后、老年人、高血压、临床疗效、meta分析、冠心病、全科医生，糖尿病、健康管理和健康教育具有最高的中介中心性；关键词聚类形成了9个模块，可聚焦为4个主题，慢病管理、流行病学、临床诊疗和学科建设；2013—2023年研究热点不断变化，其间突现强度最大的关键词是中医证型；2018年后，失眠症、抑郁、健康管理和肥胖成为最突出的关键词。 结论 近年国内全科医学专业研究生毕业课题研究热点主要聚焦于慢性病管理、流行病学、临床诊疗和学科建设，失眠症、抑郁、健康管理和肥胖等或将成为未来的研究趋势。未来的研究应具备国际视野，将全科科研根植于我国基层和社区，推动全科医学的发展，促进健康中国。 Abstract:Objective China's general practice health services and general practice education are developing rapidly. To summarize the relevant graduate theses of general practice through bibliometric analysis and clarify the research hotspots and trends, reflecting the existing problems, and providing reference for the selection of topics for future graduate students in General Medicine. Methods Graduate theses of general practice from 2013 to 2023 was searched for in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Database. CiteSpace software was used to visually analyze the number of publications, degree type, institutions, keywords, etc. Results Ultimately 2 475 documents were included. There were relatively few graduate theses in general practice from 2013 to 2014, but it entered a rapid growth stage since 2015. A total of 105 universities participated in this study. There was a large gap in professional development among institutions, and there was little cooperation. According to the keyword visualization analysis, it was found that the top 10 high-frequency keywords were type 2 diabetes, risk factors, influencing factors, prognosis, the elderly, hypertension, clinical efficacy, meta-analysis, coronary heart disease, general practitioners; and diabetes mellitus, health management, and health education had the highest intermediary centrality; the keywords clustered together to form 9 modules, which could be focused on 4 topics, chronic disease management, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and discipline construction. The research hotspots kept changing from 2013 to 2023, and the keyword with the highest emergence intensity during this period was traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type. The research hotspot focused on diseases, but there were more explorations on the disease diagnosis and treatment; after 2018, insomnia, depression, health management and obesity became the most prominent keywords. Conclusion In recent years, the research hotspots of graduate theses in general medicine mainly focus on chronic disease management, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis and treatment and discipline construction, and insomnia, depression, health management and obesity may become the future research trend. However, there is still a big gap compared with domestic and international journals in the field of general medicine. Future research should have an international perspective, root general practice research in our grassroots and communities, promote the development of general practice and a healthy China. -
Key words:
- General practice /
- Graduate thesis /
- Chronic disease management /
- Research hotspots /
- Research trends /
- Bibliometrics
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图 1 2013—2023年中国全科医学专业研究生学位论文的年度发文量
Figure 1. Annual publication volume of graduate theses in general practice in China from 2013 to 2023
图 2 关键词共现图谱
注：图中节点大小代表关键词出现频次，紫色外圈越粗代表关键词中心性越高；节点间的连线情况代表两节点的共现关系。
Figure 2. Keyword co-occurrence graph
表 1 发文总量排名前10的机构
Table 1. Top 10 institutions in terms of publication volume
发文机构 发文量(篇) 开始年份 西安医学院 230 2016 大连医科大学 151 2015 安徽医科大学 121 2015 广州医科大学 83 2015 中国医科大学 64 2017 上海医科大学 63 2017 郑州大学 62 2015 南昌大学 62 2016 延安大学 59 2016 安徽中医药大学 59 2016 注：上海医科大学已更名为复旦大学上海医学院。 
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表 2 全科医学专业研究生学位论文前10高频关键词
Table 2. Top 10 high-frequency keywords for graduate theses in general practice
序号 关键词 频次 中介中心性 1 2型糖尿病 163 0.39 2 危险因素 154 0.03 3 影响因素 114 0.21 4 预后 110 0.21 5 老年人 109 0.36 6 高血压 107 0.09 7 临床疗效 66 0.03 8 meta分析 64 0.41 9 冠心病 59 0.22 10 全科医生 57 0.24
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表 3 全科医学专业研究生学位论文关键词聚类前9位情况
Table 3. keywords clustering for graduate theses in general practice
聚类标签 聚类规模 轮廓值 平均年份(年) 聚类信息(LLR算法) #0认知功能障碍 20 0.989 2018 认知功能障碍；认知障碍；临床特点；老年人；严重程度 #1高血压 19 0.953 2018 高血压；自我管理；健康管理；动脉粥样硬化；健康素养 #2全科医学 18 1 2017 全科医学；全科医生；全科医师；规范化培训；问卷调查 #3心力衰竭 17 1 2018 心力衰竭；危险因素；沙库巴曲缬沙坦；住院患者；机械通气 #4肝硬化 15 0.924 2019 肝硬化；降钙素原；C反应蛋白；病因；并发症 #5数据挖掘 15 1 2017 数据挖掘；meta分析；用药规律；冠心病；安全性 #6慢性阻塞性肺疾病 15 0.950 2019 慢性阻塞性肺疾病；骨密度；骨质疏松；骨质疏松症；脓毒症 #7同型半胱氨酸 13 0.979 2017 同型半胱氨酸；代谢综合征；多囊卵巢综合征；肥胖；医疗服务 #8高尿酸血症 12 0.943 2017 高尿酸血症；糖尿病；中医体质；血尿酸；患病率 注：聚类规模即该聚类下所含论文数量，聚类的轮廓值反映该聚类内部各节点的一致性，越接近1，关系越密切。
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