Innovation of training mechanism of rural order tuition-free medical students under the background of new reform in China's healthcare system
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摘要:
我国目前农村医学人才存在的主要问题是总量严重不足、综合素质普遍不高、服务质量较差。医学生不愿意到基层就业的主要原因有:1城乡差距大,基层经济水平相对较落后,基层经济收入低;基层大多地域较偏僻,业余文化生活单调;2基层医疗卫生单位无法满足在职培训和进修需求,知识水平得不到及时更新和提高;3基层医疗设施简陋,门诊就诊病例少,病种单一,自己的才能无法充分发挥,发展空间狭小等。我国在医学人才培养层面存在的主要问题是:高等医学院校办学视野长期面向服务于大城市的大医院,医学教育的模式难以适应农村医药卫生人才需求,与农村居民的现实需求以及农村现有的经济社会条件不协调,忽视了面向基层医药卫生、服务基层医药卫生的理念,无法满足农村基层医药卫生工作的需求,培养的医学生“下不去、留不住、用不好、流不动”,城乡卫生人力资源分布越来越不合理。通过对我国新医改背景下基层医疗卫生人才现状、医学生不愿意去基层就业的主要原因和我国医学人才培养模式存在的问题等方面的深入分析,从构建组织机构入手,不断完善农村订单定向医学生培养方案,采取科研促进培养机制创新、培养针对性和实用性强的定向生、建设满足定向生需求的实践基地、培养培训实践基地师资等举措进行农村订单定向式免费医学生培养机制创新。
Abstract:This paper will summarize the main problems of rural medical talents in China,including serious shortage of the total number,low comprehensive quality and poor service quality. The main reason for the reluctance to grass-roots employment of medical students include: 1There are differences between urban and rural areas,the basic-level of economic level and income is relatively backward and low; 2most of the basic level hospitals are relatively remote,amateur cultural life is relatively monotonous; primary care units cannot meet the needs of incumbency training and learning,the level of knowledge cannot be updated and improved; 3 basic medical facilities are simple,outpatient medical cases is relatively less and single,their talents may not be able to fully achieve and development space is narrow. These are the main reasons of medical students are not willing to work at the basic-level. Due to the perspective of higher medical colleges and universities long service to the large hospital of the big city,medical education pattern is difficult to meet the needs of rural medical and health talents and inharmoniousness between the real needs of rural residents and the existing economic and social conditions in rural areas,it also neglects the idea of services of the basic-level medical and health so that it cannot meet the needs of rural basic-level medical and health work and the students cannot do their best to service the medical work,even the distribution of urban and rural health human resources is more and more unreasonable. These are the main problems in the cultivation of medical talents in China. Based on in-depth analysis the status of talents for the basic medical and health、the main reasons of medical students are not willing to go to work in rural areas and the existing problems in medical talents training mode in China,this paper starts from the construction of organization,improve the medical students training program,take scientific measures to promote the cultivation mechanism innovation in order to develop targeted and practical oriented students,construct practice bases and strengthen teacher training to meet the needs of students. All these intent to carry out the mechanism innovation for training rural oriented tuition-free medical students.
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