Abstract: Objective To discuss the correlation of mild cognitive impairment and plasma homocysteine(Hcy) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) level in patients with cerebral small vessel disease. Methods From March 2015 to July 2015,100 cases of cerebral small vessel disease patients were collected,according to their level of cognitive function in patients with normal cognitive function grouping(group A,n=40) and cognitive impairment without dementia(Part B,60 cases);others choose the same period 100 cases of healthy control group;extracted under fasting venous blood,using fluorescence polarization immunoassay plasma Hcy levels,using OLMPUS 5400 and matched reagent test hs-CRP;analysis of plasma Hcy levels between hs-CRP and cerebral cognitive dysfunction in patients with small vessel disease relevance. Results Compared with the control group,hs-CRP,Hcy levels in A,B two groups of patients were significantly increased; compared with Group A,Group B was significantly increased,the difference was significant,P＜0.05;MoCA scores in B groups were significantly lower than the control group; compared with group A,group B low,P＜0.05.Hcy levels in patients with cerebral small vessel disease,hs-CRP levels and Montreal Assessment Scale score,attention and computing power,visual-spatial and executive function,abstract force subscales were negatively correlated,P＜0.05;however positively correlated with age sex,P＜0.05. Conclusions The increased hs-CRP and Hcy levels of risk factors may occur in patients with small vessel disease of brain cognitive dysfunction,however high Hcy and hs-CRP levels may be involved in cognitive impairment in patients with small vessel brain.Therefore,early detection of plasma hs-CRP and Hcy levels can be effective in preventing cognitive dysfunction,which will help improve the prognosis and quality of life.