Abstract: Objective To observe hemodialysis patients with atherosclerosis occurs Chlamydia pneumoniae infection,and to explore the risk of cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients predict new targets. Methods 300 cases of continuous hemodialysis patients in the observation group,select the same period,50 cases of non-inflammatory diseases and healthy arteriosclerotic disease as a control group,were Cpn-IgG by ELISA,Cpn-IgA,Cpn-IgM detection,color Doppler ultrasonography were examined diastolic carotid bifurcation 1 cm away from the department and the common carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque,simultaneously CRP,IL-6 testing,antibody testing were compared Cpn results and Cpn-IgG,Cpn-IgA,IgM titers distribution,inflammatory markers and IMT results vary. Results The study group Cpn antibody positive rate was 63.0%,34.0% higher,and its IgG antibody geometric mean titer higher,Cpn-IgG,Cpn-IgA titers have been distributed statistically significant (P＜0.05),the observation group were higher CRP and IL-6 in the results,which Cpn antibody-positive patients in the CRP and IL-6 were higher than patients with negative results,the observation group Cpn antibody positive IMT higher than Cpn antibody negative, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusions Chlamydia pneumoniae infection may be one of the risk factors of maintaining hemodialysis patients and atherosclerosis progression occurs regularly in patients with Chlamydia pneumoniae serology,understand infection in hemodialysis patients,clinicians whether for hemodialysis patients antibiotics given the appropriate antibiotic therapy to reduce the incidence of atherosclerosis provide a theoretical basis to improve the ability of clinicians to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients,and to further improve the maintenance of the quality of life in hemodialysis patients.