Abstract: Objective To investigation the health knowledge and family doctors awareness of residents after implementing the doctor system in Huacao community between 2011 and 2014. Methods Twenty families in every village were sampled through cluster sampling.A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 207 people in 2011 and 1 307 people in 2014 for the background,awareness of health knowledge,degree of satisfaction to family doctor and public health services.The unified training was performed for the investigators,and the survey was carried out in one time period. Results Four years after the implementation of the doctor system,the proportion of residents knowing their blood glucose and blood pressure levels and receiving health education and health examination was increased(P＜0.05).Residents’ awareness of family physicians was increased from 45.60% to 81.94%(P＜0.05).The rate of residents signing a service agreement with the family doctor increased from 38.94% to 79.95%(P＜0.05).97.09% of the residents established their electronic health records,72.69% of the residents will contact the family doctor to meet their health needs,and 47.82% of the residents had a contact with their family doctor in nearly a month.But the satisfaction to family doctor was only 61.82%.The public health services such as physical examination,standard management of patients with chronic diseases,immunizations,and health education provided by family doctors was also increased(P＞0.05). Conclusion The family doctor system is conducive to the implementation of basic public health services.The family physician awareness from the residents was increased,but the satisfaction was not enough.The practical medical technology that meets the health needs of residents should be developed and popularized in family doctors to improve the health level of them.