Abstract: Objective To study the different effect of education on emergency knowledge on children in different grades,and to explore the efficient training methods and time,so that to provide reference for the future studies. Methods The study was conducted between March and November in 2014.All the pupils in grades one to five were collected from The Third Primary School in Hongkou District of Shanghai,and a total of 2 010 pupils were included as study samples.A combination of training and knowledge education was applied within each class.The evaluation was conducted via questionnaire before and after the training program.Data analysis was performed in excel 2010,mainly with descriptive analysis method,and the difference test with chi-square test,in which P＜0.01 was considered statistically significant. Results Before the training program,a significant difference on emergency knowledge could be found between pupils from different grades(P＜0.01),and compared to high-grade students,low-grade ones showed more serious lack of knowledge of the emergency situation.After training,all grades of primary school students made correct answer rate more than 50%,and the correct answer rate was not significantly different among different grades of primary school students(P＞0.01).comparison the before with the after,students of all grades of questions answered correctly rate got greatly improved,in which low-grade pupils got the largest improved in ways to deal with epistaxis,common sense of safe escape from earthquake and other aspects. Conclusion Students in different grades showed different abilities in knowledge absorption of emergency rescue,and low-grade pupils got better improved than high-grade ones,which prompted emergency rescue education should be undertaken as soon as possible.In this study,although there are some design deficiencies,it still could be a certain reference for follow-up related work.