Abstract: Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of syphilis in Xinjiang,and to provide a scientific basis for the melecular epidemiological studies of syphiliswith high occurrence rate and its prevention and treatment. Methods The classification of statistical date were retrospectively analyzed for syphilis in our hospital between 2012 and 2014. Results ①Clinical stage:The main recessive syphilis(1 642 cases for 96.7% in 3 years),early cases of syphilis:29 cases for 1.7%,secondary syphilis 13 cases for 0.77%,third syphilis:3 cases for 0.18%,and congenital syphilis 11 cases for 0.6%.②Geographical distribution:Urumqi were high endemic areas(682 cases accounted for 40%),Kashi in southern Xinjiang region(total of 118 cases accounted for 6.9%).③Sex distribution:Number of cases for male and female are basically the same(a total of 918 cases of male 54%,female 46% of 780 cases).④Distribution of ethnic: mainly Han patients and followed by Uighurs and Husker (Han 813 cases accounted for 47.9%,Uygur 620 cases for 36.5%,Kazak 99 cases for 5.8%).⑤Education: The largest number of cases with high school,508 cases were in high school(29%),443 cases of college and above(26.1%),junior 374 cases(22.0%),primary 302 cases(17.7%).High school and college educated population incidence largest number,followed by college and higher education groups;⑥Marital status: the main infected population are married people(88.2%).⑦Contact history: by way of infection Non-marital heterosexual contact.⑧Route of infection:The main route of transmission was spread between heterosexual,spread among heterosexual as the main route of transmission(1 351 cases accounting for 79.5%),mother to child transmission (10 cases accounted for 0.59%). Conclusion A high prevalence trends of syphilis will be sustained in Xinjiang area.The understanding of epidemiological characteristics of the high incidence of syphilis in Xinjiang will help the prevention and treatment of syphilis.