Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of local infiltration with ropivacaine on postoperative restlessness after pediatric tonsillectomy. Methods One hundred cases of elective pediatric tonsillectomy patients aged for 5 to 10 years were enrolled.They were randomly divided into ropivacaine group(R group) and control group(C group),50 cases for each.R group were infiltrated with 5 ml 0.25% ropivacaine around peritonsillar at the beginning of the operation;while C group were infiltrated with normal saline.The intraoperative MAP,HP,and SpO₂ were monitored.The severity of postoperative restlessness were evaluated by PAED assessment model and the dose of analgesic drugs used,the number of the cases with adverse reactions such as nausea ,vomiting,itching,and respiratory depression were recorded by visiting the patients at the time point of 15 min,30 min,1 h,4 h after operations. Results No significant differences(P>0.05) were observed between the two groups in age,weight,gender and operation time.However,the PAED scores of respective time point differed significantly(P<0.05) between the two groups[(10-15 scores)R group 9 cases,C group 17 cases,P<0.01；(15-20 scores)R group 1 cases,C group 5 cases,P<0.01]. Conclusion The incidences of restlessness and complications during the recovery period of sevoflurane anesthesia could be efficiently reduced by local infiltration with ropivacaine during which no adverse reactions were noticed and it might be worth of clinical promotion.