Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between the HP infection and the recurrence of cerebral infarction and the possible mechanisms. Methods HP was tested among 624 primary cerebral infarction patients in our hospital from January 2009 to March 2012,298 cases with positive result were assigned into HP positive group,and 326 cases with negative result into HP negative group.ALL patients were followed for 3 years.The recurrence rate of cerebral infarction was compared between the two groups.The serum levels of CRP were detected by radio-immunity methods and the levels of homocysteine(HCY) were detected by immunoturbidimetry methods.After the standard “quadruple chemotherapy” for HP,the recurrence rate of cerebral infarction,and levels of CRP and HCY were compared between 126 cases turned back negative and other patients. Results The recurrence of cerebral infarction was higher in HP positive group(29.4%) than HP negative group(19.6%) (χ²=7.833,P=0.005).After the eradication of HP,the recurrence of cerebral infarction was decreased as compared with non-eradication of HP(20.8% vs. 35.5%),χ²=7.264,P=0.007.The levels of CRP and HCY were increased in HP positive group[(8.12±2.86) mg/L,(16.86±6.83) μmol/L)] when compared with HP negative group[(6.82±2.18) mg/L,(14.76±6.21) μmol/L](P＜0.01),and were decreased after the eradication of HP[(7.23±2.16) mg/L,(15.22±5.68) μmol/L] as compared with non-eradication of HP[(8.64±3.26) mg/L,(17.32±7.38) μmol/L](P＜0.01). Conclusion The HP infection is related to the recurrence of cerebral infarction by increasing the levels of CRP and HCY.