Abstract: Objective To investigate prevalence and associated risk factors of hyperuricemia and gout in the Han,Uygur,Kazak,Xibe of Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture and gout. Methods From December 2014 to January 2016,3 500 cases of Xinjiang Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture occupants epidemiological survey,the overall prevalence of blood uric acid level,the prevalence of gout,hyperuricemia prevalence influencing factors analysis. Results ①3 318 cases included in the survey,a total of 662 cases of hyperuricemia in patients with total prevalence rate was 19.95%(662/3 318);male prevalence rate was 23.45%,female prevalence rate was 16.78% (292/1 740);male hyperuricemia prevalence was significantly higher than females(P<0.01);②the average male serum uric acid level was (382.17±56.37) μmol/L,women (290.09±39.77) μmol/L,male serum uric acid levels were significantly higher than females(P<0.05);③in this study included 3 318 cases of the survey,the number of 52 cases occurred gout,gout prevalence rate of 1.57% total,of which men suffering disease was 2.79%,0.46% prevalence of women,the prevalence of gout in men was significantly higher than females(P<0.05).Han gout prevalence was significantly higher than that of other minorities(P<0.05);④by Pearson univariate analysis,patient and control groups in smoking,drinking,regular exercise,obesity,dyslipidemia,hypercholesterolemia,high aspirin and blood pressure differences were statistically significant aspects(P<0.05-0.01);multivariate Logistic regression analysis,and ultimately determine the relevant factors for the prevalence of hyperuricemia:drinking,obesity,dyslipidemia,hypertension and oral aspirin. Conclusion The factors affecting the prevalence of hyperuricemia and gout are more to address these factors were observed,and take appropriate measures to reduce the prevalence of hyperuricemia and gout.