Abstract: Objective To explore the blood glucose and lipid metabolism of episode schizophrenia patients and the influence of Olanzapine on blood glucose and lipid metabolism. Methods From July,2014 to December,2015,112 patients with schizophrenia were selected as schizophrenia group,while 112 cases of healthy subjects were recruited as control group.Schizophrenia patients were given Olanzapine with a dose of 10-20 mg/d for three months.The blood glucose and lipids metabolism of both groups were observed.The effect of Olanzapine on blood glucose levels,lipid levels,abdominal circumference and BMI in patients with schizophrenia was assessed. Results Total cholesterol and High-density lipoprotein of the schizophrenia group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),the difference of fasting glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein between the two group were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The difference of fasting blood glucose level of before olanzapine treatment,olanzapine treatment 1 month,2 months,3 months in episode schizophrenia patients was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The total cholesterol,triglycerides and LDL levels at olanzapine treatment 1 month,2 months,3 months were significantly higher than that of before treatment(P<0.05).The abdominal circumference and BMI at olanzapine treatment 3 months in patients with schizophrenia were significantly higher than that before treatment(P<0.05). Conclusion During the episode of schizophrenia,the patients has abnormal lipid metabolism.Olanzapine therapy can improve lipid metabolism and cause the changes of abdominal circumference and BMI of patients,but has little effect on glucose metabolism.