Abstract: Objective To investigate the cognitive status of TCM "preventive treatment of disease" among community medical workers,sum up experience and deficiencies,and give relative policy advice,thereby promote Shanghai and other areas to develop TCM "preventive treatment of disease" health project. Methods The self-designed questionnaire was used to carry out the survey among the random medical workers from community health centers in Shanghai Qingpu,Baoshan and other district.The percentage and Chi-square test to analyze the relevant data. Results Most (91.3%) community medical workers had known about TCM "preventive treatment of disease" ;the main ways were though health system like seminar/conference (53.2%),etc.Ninety-four percent medical workers were able to recognize the concept of "preventive treatment of disease" .However,there were still many community medical workers could not understand the main service object and content correctly.Some of them did not know the service content whether including diagnosis and treatment of diseases,and those who learned "preventive treatment of disease" through ways in health system seemed knowing the service target population relatively clearly.For "preventive treatment of disease" service target population,568 workers (73.9%) had the healthy population included,743(96.6%) workers had the sub-health population included,412(53.6%) workers had the patients included,442(57.5%) had the rehabilitee included.For service content,419 workers (54.5%) had the diagnosis and treatment of diseases included,705 workers (91.7%) had the preventive care included,632 workers (82.2%) had the rehabilitation and nourishing of life included,619 workers (80.5%) had the body physical identification and control included,568 workers (73.9%) had the TCM consulting/publicity included. Conclusion The cognitive status of community medical workers to TCM "preventive treatment of disease" is of great shortage,even mistaken.It is necessary to strengthen popular science education among community medical workers.