Abstract: Objective To investigate the related factors of treatment compliance among infertile women with mycoplasma infection and take the corresponding intervention measures to improve the curative efficacy. Methods By using a selfmade questionnaire,the survey was carried out among 263 female patients who get the positive result in genitourinary mycoplasma culture in our hospital between January,2013 and December,2013.According to the treatment compliance,they were divided into full compliance group (91 cases) and unstable compliance group (172 cases).The items of questionnaire included general demographic information,marriage and family situation,examination and treatment on mycoplasma and infection related knowledge level.The personalized measures and standardized health education were performed according to the influencing factors.The results were analyzed by statistical methods. Results There were significant differences in general demographic data and mycoplasma infection related knowledge between the two groups (P<0.05).Thirty-two to thirty-four age-groups in the full compliance group showed the best treatment compliance,and the compliance declined with the duration of infertility.The urban population with high education level and income showed increased demand mycoplasma infection and infertility related knowledge and highly awareness rate,whereas lower treatment compliance.The complex treatment,high medical costs,lack of disease knowledge,poor communication and negative psychological factors were the important factors that affected the treatment compliance. Conclusion In order to improve the treatment compliance of infertile women with mycoplasma infection,a personalized,standardized and systematic intervention system should be established combined with psychology,sociology,nursing and reproductive medicine.