Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on visfatin and high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with acute brain injury. Methods Total 76 cases of acute brain injury were divided into study group (n=36) and control group (n=40) according to the type of anesthesia.All the patients underwent craniotomy and evacuation of hematoma by general anesthesia.Before the induction of anesthesia,intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine was performed in the study group,instead,saline in the control group.the serum levels of visfatin,hs-CRP,neurone specific enolase (NSE) and S-100β before the operation (T0),60 minutes after the operation (T1),the end of operation (T2),24 hours after the operation (T3),3 days after the operation (T4),5 days after the operation (T5) in the two groups were detected.At 6 months follow-up,the prognosis of the patients was assessed by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Results The levels of visfatin and hs-CRP in the two groups were significantly higher than those in the same group at the time of T2 to T5,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The levels of visfatin and hs-CRP at T2 to T5 in the research group was significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The level of NSE and S-100β in the two groups was significantly higher than those in the same group at the time of T1 to T5,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).At T3 to T5,NSE and S-100β in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).After 6 months follow-up,the prognosis of the study group was significantly better than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine anesthesia for surgery in patients with acute brain injury can reduce inflammation and brain injury,and improve the prognosis of patients.