Abstract: Objective To study the clinical value of the expression of D-two polymer,serum leukotriene B4(LTB4) and interleukin-23(IL-23) in the acute peripheral blood of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP). Methods Forty-seven patients with acute HSP who were treated in our hospital from January,2015 to October,2016 were selected as observation group,at the same time,45 normal children were selected as control group.The levels of D-two polymer,LTB4,IL-23 and the levels of IgA,IgM and IgG in the peripheral blood of the 2 groups were compared;the correlation between D-two polymer,LTB4,IL-23 and IgA in peripheral blood of children in the observation group was analyzed. Results The levels of D-two polymer,LTB4,IL-23 and IgA in the peripheral blood of the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant;with Pearson test the correlation between IgA and D-two polymer (r=0.531,P<0.001),LTB4(r=0.487,P<0.001) and IL-23(r=0.351,P<0.001) in the peripheral blood of the observation group was positively correlated with that of the correlation analysis. Conclusion D-two polymer,LTB4 and IL-23 expression levels in acute peripheral blood of children with HSP were increased significantly,and the serum IgA was positively related,that children with acute HSP humoral immunity hyperfunction occurred,D-two polymer,LTB4 and IL-23 are involved in the pathogenesis of HSP and pathologic process,and provide reference and guidance significance for the early diagnosis and treatment of HSP.