Abstract: Objective To explore the application of the teaching method combining problem-based learning (PBL) with case-based learning (CBL) in resident standardization training in the department of endocrinology. Methods A total of40 students for resident standardization training were divided into experimental group and control group with 20 students in each group.PBL combined with CBL was applied to the experimental group, while the control group received the traditional approach.We carried out the theoretical and clinical practice skills exams at the end of the teaching and questionnaire survey to understand the residents for teaching evaluation. Results The results of case analysis (24.35 ±1.35 vs.21.25 ±2.79, P < 0.05), practical skill assessment (23.55 ±1.67 vs.20.60 ±3.10, P < 0.05) and total score (83.40 ±2.52 vs.76.20 ±5.43, P < 0.05) in experimental group were higher than those of control group.There was no significant difference between the two groups in theoretical examination (35.50 ±1.85 vs.34.35 ±2.16, P > 0.05).The self-learning ability (4.25 ±0.64 vs.3.85 ±0.37, P < 0.05), problem-solving ability (4.30 ±0.47 vs.3.95 ±0.61, P < 0.05), teamwork ability (4.20 ±0.52 vs.3.75 ±0.44, P < 0.05) and communication ability between doctors and patients (4.15 ±0.67 vs.3.40 ±0.50, P < 0.05) in the experimental group were all higher than those in the control group. Conclusion The PBL combined with CBL teaching method can increase the clinical practice skills of residents, improve students' satisfaction of teaching and enhance the comprehensive ability of students, which is worthy of further popularization and application.