Abstract: Objective To investigate the distribution of Ureaplasma urealyticum and drug resistance in the infertile women so as to provide references for early diagnosis and treatments. Methods A total 200 cases infertile women who treated in the hospital from January to December 2015 were assigned as the observation group,meanwhile,200 healthy pregnant women were chosen as the control group.Ureaplasma urealyticum infections of two groups of women were detected by real time fluorescence PCR(FQ-PCR)and nine kinds of antibiotics sensitivity test.The clinical data of 8 571 women who examination in the hospital from January,2010 to December,2015 were retrospectively analyzed,then the total distribution of Ureaplasma urealyticum infections were investigated. Results Infertile group of 200 cases Ureaplasma urealyticum infected higher than healthy group obviously(62.50% vs. 41.50%).The differences were significant(P<0.05).Drug susceptibility test show Ureaplasma urealyticum high sensitivity to doxycycline,minocycline and clarithromycin were 97.60%,96.80%,and 93.60%,respectively;sensitivity to azithromycin and josamycin were 81.60% and 74.40%,respectively.The drug resistance rates high of oxygen danofloxacin and roxithromycin were 20.00% and 10.40%.In 8 571 clinical samples,4 091 proved to be positive in Ureaplasma urealyticum testing and the general infection rate was 47.73%.Ureaplasma urealyticum positive rate showed increasing trend from 2010 to 2015.The results showed that relatively high infection rates were among 20-29,30-39,40-49 than others.The differences were significant(P<0.05). Conclusion In recent years Ureaplasma urealyticum infection has increased significantly in our hospital,infected women were mainly concentrated in the fertile age groups,these asymptomatic infections might affect pregnant women and involved in adverse pregnancy outcomes,so Ureaplasma urealyticum should check as soon as possible among infertility women,and using antibiotics based on susceptibility testing rationally.