Abstract: Hydrogen was considered as an inert gas and had been used in diving medicine only,and had not been valued in other medical disciplines.Since 2007,the Japanese scholars have found that hydrogen can effectively remove free radicals and prevent the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury,which begins to change the people's cognition.Since then,scientists have actively carried out various experiments to study the effect of hydrogen.At present,the effect of hydrogen is confirmed to be antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti apoptosis and so on.Dozens of disease models and human diseases with hydrogen therapy are effective,but the mechanism of treatment is not clear.Nerve injury is a kind of disease which is difficult to be cured and has a slow onset.The injury mechanism of nerve injury includes oxidative damage and inflammatory reaction.There is no effective solution to treat it.The researchers are giving more and more attention to the research on the biological effects of hydrogen and investigate the protective effect on nerve injury.There are a variety of nerve injury model proved to be effective by hydrogen or hydrogen water treatment.At present,hydrogen or hydrogen water treatment has been applied to a variety of nerve injury model,including traumatic brain injury,brain ischemia and hypoxia injury,bleeding and spinal cord blow injury,clamp injury,ischemia-reperfusion injury,peripheral nerve defect injury,optic nerve injury and autoimmune encephalomyelitis.In this paper,the research progress of hydrogen in the protection of nerve injury is reviewed.