Abstract: Objective To investigate effects and mechanism of coix seed triglyceride combined with gemcitabine on proliferation and apoptosis of Bel-7402. Methods The MTT and colony formation assay were used to detect cell inhibition and cell proliferation.Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of cells.The expression of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in different group.Image-Pro Plus 6 was used to count the number of colony forming clones.SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the experimental results. Results The cell viability and proliferation was inhibited by coix seed triglyceride and gemcitabine.And the synergistic effect of cell viability and proliferation was observed when coix seed triglyceride and gemcitabine were administered together(F=509.677,P<0.01;F=562.100,P<0.01).The apoptosis rate of Bel-7402 cells treated with coix seed triglyceride combined with gemcitabine was significantly higher than those treated with coix seed triglyceride or gemcitabine alone[(76.3±1.6)%,(53.2±2.0)%,(42.4±1.8)%,F=46.742,P<0.01].The expression of Caspase-3 was increased(F=38.264,P<0.01),but the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased(F=4.817,P<0.05) in combination group. Conclusion The inhibition of cell viability and proliferation of Bel-7402 cells can be synergistically enhanced and the rate cells apoptosis was increased by the treatment of coix seed triglyceride combined with gemcitabine,which provides reference for the clinical application of the two drugs.