Abstract: Objective To evaluate the efficacy of fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage in the treatment of bronchiectasis complicated with pulmonary infection,so as to provide a clinical basis for the treatment of bronchiectasis with pulmonary infection. Methods Total 40 cases of bronchiectasis with pulmonary infection were randomly divided into 2 groups,the control group received routine medical treatment,such as oxygen,asthma,expectorant and anti-infection;the observation group received bronchoalveolar lavage based on routine treatment.The clinical efficacy,complications,pulse blood gas analysis index,respiratory rate changes and the improvement of clinical symptoms and signs were compared between the two groups. Results In the observation group,5 cases were invalid,the total efficiency of clinical treatment was 75%;9 cases were ineffective in the control group,the clinical total effective rate was 55%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the treatment,PaO₂,PaO₂/FiO₂ and respiratory rate in the two groups were no statistical significance(P>0.05).The cough disappeared time and hospitalization time in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the observation group,there was 1 case of sinus tachycardia,the heart rate was up to 100-150 times/min,and recovered after the operation;there were 3 cases of decreased oxygen saturation,and 90% of them recovered rapidly after the operation with a complication incidence of 20%.In the control group there were 3 cases of cough,and the symptoms of cough and expectoration disappeared after symptomatic treatment by oxygen inhalation machine.The incidence of complication was 15%.The difference in the incidence of complication between the two groups was not statistically significant(t=6.955,P<0.05). Conclusion Bronchoalveolar lavage is effective in the treatment of bronchiectasis complicated with pulmonary infection.It can obviously improve the inflammatory reaction and promote the recovery of heart and lung function.