Abstract: Objective To study the clinical significance of high-density lipoprotein(HDL) level in ankylosing spondylitis(AS) patients. Methods 102 Ankylosing spondylitis patients of Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University were enrolled in the study.The level of HDL in the peripheral blood were detected to analyze the relation of clinical and laboratory indicators. Results ①84 patients (82.35%) had lower HDL level.②Compared with normal HDL AS patients,the lower HDL AS patients was younger(27.51±11.08 vs. 36.90±10.78,P=0.017),with higher BASMI score (4.61±1.83 vs. 3.63±1.20,P=0.04),IgG (14.62±5.05 vs. 10.04±2.6,P=0.027),ESR(38.19±30.64 vs. 21.56±14.36,P=0.018),TG/HDL(4.49±1.16 vs. 3.51±1.01,P=0.011),LDL/HDL(2.65±0.81 vs. 2.05±0.89,P=0.006) and lower TG(3.59±0.87 vs. 4.95±1.50,P=0.019),LDL(2.14±0.66 vs. 3.19±1.09,P=0.014).③The level of HDL in AS patients was negative correlated with ESR(r=-0.29,P=0.004),CRP(r=-0.29,P=0.003) and IgG(r=-0.28,P=0.043). Conclusion HDL may have been associated with excess cardiovascular risk,and plays a role in long-term prognosis and chronic inflammation of development of AS.