Abstract: Objective To observe the curative effect of olanzapine combined with aniracetam in treatment of senile dementia with mental symptoms and its improvement on quality of life of patients. Methods A total of 62 cases of senile dementia with behavioral and psychological symptoms were randomly divided into control group and observer group with 21 cases in each group.The control group was given olanzapine,while the observation group received olanzapine and aniracetam.Before the treatment and 8 weeks after the treatment,Mini Mental State Scale(MMSE) was performed to assess the behavioral and psychological symptoms,and the positive and negative symptom scale(PANSS) was used to assess the therapeutic efficacy;The quality of life of patients was compared between the two groups;the adverse reactions were recorded. Results After the treatment,in the observation group,9 cases were cured,10 cases were complete response(CR),11 cases partial response(PR),and 1 case no response(NR);in the control group,5 cases cured,7 cases CR,12 cases PR,and 7 cases NR.The total effectiveness in the observation group was 96.8%,which was significantly higher than that(77.4%) in the control group(P<0.05).After the treatment,the scores for hostile suspicion,thought disorder,conduct disorder,anxiety,depression and paranoia were all decreased in both groups,and more obviously in the observation group as compared with the control group(P<0.05).After the treatment,the scores for the quality of life,vitality,physical function,emotional function and social function were all improved in both groups,especially in the observation group(P<0.05).The adverse reactions in the observation group included 2 cases of insomnia,2 cases of drowsiness,1 case of extrapyramidal reactions,1 case of headache and 2 cases of nausea;in the control group included 1 case of insomnia,3 cases of drowsiness,2 cases of headache,12 cases of nausea,and 1 case of skin pruritus.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion The olanzapine combined with aniracetam is effective and safe for senile dementia with behavioral and psychological symptoms,and can effectively improve the quality of life of the patients.