Biomechanical effects of Hybrid surgery on vertebral body in multilevel cervical degenerative disc disease

Objective To investigate the biomechanical effect of hybrid surgery on vertebral body in multilevel cervical degenerative disc disease. Methods A total of 78 patients with multilevel cervical spine degenerative disease from January, 2014 to December, 2016 in our hospital were collected prospectively and were divided randomly into observation group and control group with 39 cases in each group. The patients in the observation group underwent Hybrid surgery treatment, while the patients in the control group underwent cervical fusion surgery treatment. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, hospital stay, Neck Disability Index (NDI), Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), Visual analog scale (VAS), Odom clinical satisfaction scale, C_2-7 overall mobility, Cobb angle, Superior adjacent segment ROM (SROM), inferior adjacent segment ROM (IROM) and complications in the two group were observed. Results There was no statistical difference between NDI, ODI score and C_2-7 cervical overall mobility (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, NDI score of the observation group by the end of 12 months after the operation was decreased, while the ODI score and C_2-7 cervical overall mobility was increased significantly (P<0.05). Twelve months after the operation, the excellent rate of the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P=0.017). There was no statistical significance between the VAS scores in the two group (P=0.244). Compared with the control group, VAS scores of the observation group by the end of 6 month and 12 months after the operation decreased significantly (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, hospital stay, Cobb angle before and after operation, SROM, IROM and complications between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Hybrid surgery can improve the postoperative cervical mobility of the patients with multilevel cervical spine degenerative disease. The clinical effectiveness was satisfactory.