As the foundation of the whole health system, primary care has experienced a series of changes in the reform and transformation of the health system. In the trend of deepening medical reform, the construction and development of primary care system is the cornerstone of determining the service efficiency of the whole medical system. The construction of primary care system, mostly in form of rural township hospitals and urban community health centers, has become the focus of new medical reform in China, and also an important aspect to realize "healthy China". We review the development history of the primary care system, and analyze the changes of the primary care in recent years with the development of social economy, such as service content, target population and payment method. The primary care in China started from countryside and gradually shifted its focus to city. After the new medical reform, it has experienced the overall reconstruction and realized the integrated and coordinated development. Based on the review of the construction and development of medical consortia, this paper points out that under the "healthy China" strategy, the tasks of the primary care system in China are expanding from disease diagnosis and treatment to health maintenance. The integrated medical system based on "medical association" will gradually transform into "health association". We analyze the new trend of the development of the current primary care system in China from four aspects:transformation of objectives and tasks, expansion of service content, enhancement of service capacity building and improvement of medical service supply through technological innovation, so as to make a prospect for the future development trend. It is pointed out that integrated care is the trend in the future, which needs the joint efforts of many parties, such as supply structure, personnel training, performance incentive, policy guarantee, technical support and so on, so as to truly realize "Healthy China".
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