Progress on prenatal maternal stress among pregnant women in China

In order to cope with population and economic development, the Chinese government implemented a comprehensive "two child policy" in 2015, with a significant increase in the number of re-pregnant women. Pregnancy is an important event and special stage in women's life course. During the whole process from pregnancy to delivery, with the changes of body, psychology, economy and society, various contradictions and problems will interact with each other, as a result, there are different degrees of pregnancy pressure among pregnant women. In China, pregnant women generally have different levels of prenatal maternal stress. Prenatal maternal stress will have a negative impact on the mother and the baby or the whole family. Prenatal maternal stress will lead to premature birth or miscarriage of the fetus and other adverse outcomes. At the same time, pregnant women are prone to pregnancy complications, depression or anxiety and other psychological problems, which will also have a negative impact on the whole family function. Therefore, how to implement the comprehensive two child policy, help pregnant women and their families through the whole pregnancy, reduce the pressure of pregnant women during pregnancy, improve the functions of pregnant women and their families, and promote the physical and mental health outcome of mothers and infants, has put forward a new challenge to the medical staff of obstetrics and gynecology. However, at present, there is a lack of intervention research on the management of pregnant women's stress during pregnancy in China. At the same time, due to the different methods of stress measurement and the standards of defining the stress level, the stress level of pregnant women in different parts of China is also different. Therefore, this paper systematically combs the current situation of prenatal maternal stress level of pregnant women in China, and summarizes its influencing factors. It aims to provide theoretical basis for establishing a scientific evaluation and management system of pregnancy stress, in order to alleviate the pressure of pregnancy, improve the quality of life of pregnant women, and promote the physical and mental health of pregnant women and fetus.