Association of soluble CD36 with type 2 diabetes and its complications

There are 415 million people with diabetes in the world, and it is estimated that 193 million patients are undiagnosed with diabetes, of which type 2 diabetes accounts for more than 90 percent of diabetics. China has the largest number of diabetics in the world. With the significant increase in the prevalence of diabetes in recent years. The early intervention, detection and prognosis evaluation of diabetes have become a hot research direction in recent years. We usually confirm it by measuring fasting blood glucose or HbA1 c concentration or oral glucose tolerance test. HbA1 c can play an important role in the diagnosis of diabetes, its relationship with average blood glucose, its relationship with the risk of diabetic complications and guiding the adjustment of treatment. However, children(< 18 years old), pregnant women or patients with hemoglobin disorders(such as anemia) cannot rely on HbA1 c diagnosis, so we need to find another biomarker. As one of the most widely studied scavenger receptors, CD36 is not widely expressed, but it exists in a variety of mammalian cell types, including hematopoietic cells(platelets, monocytes, macrophages), endothelial cells, specialized epithelial cells in the breast and eyes, taste bud cells, intestinal cells and insulin-responsive cells(such as fat cells), as well as heart and skeletal muscle cells, It is involved in inflammatory reaction, atherosclerotic disease, intestinal fat absorption, lipid storage in adipose tissue, lipid utilization in heart and skeletal muscle, and glucose metabolism disorder, and is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2 DM). Serum soluble CD36(soluble CD36, sCD36), as a non-cellular binding cycle of CD36, can reflect the expression of CD36 in tissues, and is described as associated with metabolic syndrome for the first time in a small number of subjects. Subsequent studies have shown that the level of sCD36 in peripheral blood is associated with glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and diabetic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that it may be a potential biomarker for predicting diabetes and its complications.