A study of serum lipid levels in patients with different degrees of Alzheimer’s disease

Objective To study the blood lipid level [total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), serum high-density lipoprotein(HDL) and serum low-density lipoprotein(LDL)] of Alzheimer's disease(AD) patients before different degrees of drug treatment for the first time. Methods A total of 128 cases of AD patients(observation group) and 84 cases of healthy persons(control group) who were admitted to our hospital for the first time from January 2018 to September 2019 were selected as the research objects. According to the CDR score, the observation group was divided into mild AD group(CDR=1), moderate AD group(CDR=2) and severe AD group(CDR=3). The blood lipid levels of all subjects were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. Results There was no significant difference in gender composition(χ²=0.716, P=0.398) and age(t=0.117, P=0.907) between the two groups(P>0.05). The TG level in the severe AD group was lower than that in the control group(Z=2.598, P=0.009). The TC level in the mild, moderate and severe AD group was higher than that in the control group(LSD-t=5.185, 3.837, 3.701, all P<0.001). The HDL level in the moderate AD group was lower than that in the control group(LSD-t=3.997, P<0.001). The TG level in the mild AD patients was higher than that in the severe AD patients(Z=2.633, P=0.008), the HDL level was higher in the moderate AD patients(LSD-t=2.450, P=0.015), and the HDL level in patients with moderate AD was lower than that in patients with severe AD(LSD-t=2.288, P=0.023). The correlation analysis between blood lipid level and mini mental state examination(MMSE) score showed that TG was positively correlated with MMSE score(r=0.287, P=0.001). Conclusion The levels of TC and HDL in AD patients without drug treatment are different from those of normal people. It is confirmed that AD disease itself can affect some blood lipid levels, especially in moderate and severe AD patients. With the decline of cognitive function, the level of TG in AD patients decreased, but there was no significant difference between AD patients and normal people.