Research progress on the correlation between childhood vaccination and febrile convulsion

At present, Children' s vaccination has been fully popularized in China, and the adverse reaction of vaccination has been constantly appearing, which has been widely concerned by the society. While vaccines provide immunity, very few of them can cause adverse reactions, such as fever, local redness and induration, anaphylactic edema, shock and laryngeal edema. Fever is the most common adverse event, and most children can tolerate vaccine-induced fever, although a small proportion will experience severe adverse events such as febrile convulsion. Febrile seizures (FS) occur in children aged from 3 months to 6 years, which are the main periods of childhood vaccinations. FS was one of the most important factors influencing the popularity of childhood vaccination in China and abroad.Now, studies suggest that FS is mainly caused by multiple factors such as genetics and environmental, and some studies suggest that the occurrence of FS is related to the changes of cytokines in vivo. Vaccine can cause changes of cytokine levels, such as IL-1, IL-6, etc., and the changes of cytokine levels may be different with different vaccines. Fever following vaccination may lead to the onset of some heat-sensitive epileptic syndromes, such as Dravet syndrome. In this paper, the correlation between children' s vaccination and febrile convulsion was reviewed from two aspects of immune and genetic factors, so as to correctly understand the influence of vaccination on the occurrence of febrile convulsion in children, and provide some suggestions and guidance for the preventive inoculation of children with convulsion.