Volume 21 Issue 11
Nov.  2023
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ZHANG Sheng, CAO Jun, JIN Jieyu, LIANG Yuting. Research progress on molecular biological characteristics of IgG subclasses and its clinical application in related diseases[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2023, 21(11): 1932-1935. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003261
Citation: ZHANG Sheng, CAO Jun, JIN Jieyu, LIANG Yuting. Research progress on molecular biological characteristics of IgG subclasses and its clinical application in related diseases[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2023, 21(11): 1932-1935. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003261
shu

Research progress on molecular biological characteristics of IgG subclasses and its clinical application in related diseases

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003261

  • Center for Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China

Funds:

 81901632

  • Received Date: 2022-06-17
    Available Online: 2024-01-13
    Abstract
  • Immunoglobulin (Ig) is a glycoprotein secreted by the adaptive immune system, which plays an important role in humoral immunity, including immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin E (IgE), and immunoglobulin D (IgD). Among them, IgG is the main component of immunoglobulin in serum, and it is the type of immunoglobulin with the highest content and longest half-life in human serum and extracellular fluid. IgG is the most important antibody in the human body, which has the functions of antibacterial, antiviral infection, neutralizing toxin and immune regulation. It is also the only type that can pass the placenta and play an important role in neonatal anti-infection. According to the number of heavy chain antigenicity and disulfide bond, IgG points IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 four subgroups, the structure of the different subtypes is similar, but the combination of helpers and receptors important structural differences can produce different biological functions, such as recognition of antigen-antibody, complement activation and cell surface receptor specificity combined. In view of the different amino acid sequences in the hinge region of the heavy chain of each IgG subclass, the four IgG subclass antibodies play different functions in different clinical disease progression. At present, relevant studies have shown that IgG subclasses have important clinical application value in autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, allergic diseases and other diseases. Therefore, this article reviews the molecular characteristics and biological effects of IgG subclasses and their correlation with clinical diseases. It provides new ideas and perspectives for the study of pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognostic monitoring of clinically related diseases.

     

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