Changes of glucose and lipid metabolism in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Objective To investigate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) on glucose and lipid metabolism in children. Methods A total of 52 OSAHS children and 30 normal children recruited as control group in our hospital were evaluated by polysomnography during sleep.According to the PSG results,OSAHS patients were divided into mild group (n=39) and moderate-to-severe group (n=13).The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG),fasting insulin (FINS),insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were tested.The partial correlation analysis was performed to compare the glucose and lipid profiles and the indexes acquired from PSG monitoring. Results One way ANOVA showed statistically significant difference among BMI,AHI,OAI and LSaO₂.BMI of the two group OSAHS children was higher than control group (P<0.05),but LSaO₂ was significantly lower (P<0.01).OAI of mild OSAHS group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.01).Moderate-to-severe group children had hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance,but the blood glucose maintained the normal level,FPG,FINS and HOMA-IR of this group were higher than that of mild OSAHS group and control group (P<0.05).There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in lipid metabolism index among the groups.After controlling the influence of BMI,there were significant positive correlations indicated between FINS,HOMA-IR and AHI.FPG had no correlation with AHI,OAI,and LSaO₂. Conclusion Moderate-to-severe group OSAHS can induce glucose metabolism disorder in children,AHI is an independent risk factor for the disorder of glucose metabolism,indicators of lipid metabolism in children with OSHAS did not change significantly.