Risk factors and prognosis of lower limb deep vein thrombosis after hip fracture among elderly patients

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after hip fracture among elderly patients. Methods Sixty elderly patients suffered from hip fracture in our hospital from October,2012 to April,2016 were recruited.There were 28 cases of femoral neck fracture and 32 cases of intertrochanteric fracture.The color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) was used to detect DVT of bilateral lower extremities in all patients before orthopedic surgery and on the 3^rd and 7^th days post-operatively.The age,sex,fracture type,hospital-to-operation time and fracture-to-operation time were used to analyze the risk factors of Preoperative DVT.The age,sex,fracture type,hospitalization to operation time,fracture to operation time,anesthesia,Time,surgical method and operation time were used to analysis risk factor of postoperative DVT.The perioperative DVT formation and risk factors were observed and analyzed. Results Among 60 patients,there were 21 cases of DVT (35.0%).There were 9 patients (15.0%) who developed DVT preoperative and 12 patients (20.0%) after the operation.86.7% DVT were found in fracture legs.Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a definite association of intertrochanteric fracture with DVT with odds ratio of 6.0(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the fracture type was an independent risk factor of deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture (OR=5.977,P<0.05). Conclusion There is higher perioperative DVT incidence on the injured side than the uninjured side.Intertrochanteric fracture is the risk factor for DVT after operation.In addition,the preoperative DVT incidence is relative high which justified early CDFI examination after admission.