普通话成人听觉时间分辨率的影响因素分析

王燕; 胡园佳; 潘赟筠; 严降雨; 王耀文; 刘玉和

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004245

普通话成人听觉时间分辨率的影响因素分析

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004245

1.
宁波大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科, 浙江宁波 315000
2.
厦门大学医学院, 福建厦门 361000
3.
宁波市医疗中心李惠利医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科, 浙江宁波 315000
4.
首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科, 北京 100050

基金项目:

浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目 2024KY1481

详细信息

通讯作者:
刘玉和，E-mail：liuyuhefeng@163.com

中图分类号: R764.5
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-07-09
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-07

Analysis of factors influencing auditory temporal resolution in mandarin-speaking adults

1.
Ear, Nose and Throat Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨听觉时间分辨率与噪声下言语识别能力的相关性，分析年龄、听力损失程度及助听器使用对老年人群听觉时间分辨能力的影响。方法选取2021年11月—2023年12月在宁波大学附属第一医院就诊的140例患者为实验组，30名听力正常的健康青年志愿者为对照组。采用噪声间隙(GIN)测试获得间隔觉察阈值(GDT)；通过汉语版快速噪声下言语测试(M-QuickSIN)获得信噪比损失(SNR loss)得分。结果在中度(r=0.856，P＜0.001)和中重度听力损失组(r=0.631，P＜0.001)中，GDT与SNR loss得分呈正相关关系；长期助听器使用者的GDT和SNR loss得分均较低；年龄因素分析显示，实验组的GDT高于对照组(P＜0.05)；不同听力损失程度组间比较显示，正常听力老年组与中度及中重度听力损失组间的GDT差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论听觉时间分辨能力与噪声下言语识别能力存在显著相关性，且该相关性随听力损失程度加重而增强。年龄、听力损失程度及助听器干预均显著影响GDT。本研究为老年人群听力康复评估提供了重要的临床依据，表明GIN测试可作为辅助诊断工具，并强调了早期听力干预的重要性。
- 间隔觉察阈值 /
- 助听器 /
- 汉语版快速噪声下言语测试 /
- 时间分辨率
Abstract: Objective To examine the association between auditory temporal resolution and speech recognition in noise, and to assess the effects of age, hearing-loss severity, and hearing-aid use on temporal resolution in older adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 140 older patients who attended the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University from November 2021 to December 2023 were enrolled as the patient group, and 30 young normal-hearing volunteers were recruited as controls. Auditory temporal resolution was measured with the gap-in-noise (GIN) test to obtain the gap detection threshold (GDT). Speech-in-noise performance was evaluated with the mandarin quick speech-in-noise (M-QuickSIN) test to derive the signal-to-noise ratio loss (SNR loss) score. Results In the moderate (r=0.856, P < 0.001) and moderately severe hearing-loss groups (r=0.631, P < 0.001), GDT was positively correlated with SNR loss. Long-term hearing-aid users exhibited lower (better) GDT and SNR loss scores. The patient group exhibited higher GDTs than the young control group (P < 0.05). Within the older cohort, GDT differed significantly between the normal-hearing subgroup and the moderate/moderately severe hearing-loss subgroups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Auditory temporal resolution is significantly associated with speech-in-noise recognition, and this association strengthens with increasing hearing-loss severity. Age, degree of hearing loss, and hearing-aid use all exert significant effects on GDT. These findings provide important clinical evidence for hearing rehabilitation assessment in the elderly population, indicating that the GIN test can serve as an auxiliary diagnostic tool and underscoring the importance of early hearing intervention.
- Gap detection threshold /
- Hearing aids /
- Mandarin quick speech-in-noise test /
- Temporal resolution

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表 1 各组受试者平均听阈均值情况(dB HL)

Table 1. Average hearing threshold of subjects in each group(dB HL)

组别	例数	平均听阈	双耳平均听阈	统计量	P值
A组左耳	30	5.21±2.65	4.86±2.78	1.004^a	0.324
A组右耳	30	4.51±2.90
B组左耳	30	13.96±3.64	13.27±3.92	1.221^a	0.232
B组右耳	30	12.58±4.13
C组左耳	30	28.34±4.52	27.57±4.40	1.387^a	0.176
C组右耳	30	26.79±4.20
D组左耳	30	43.46±4.10	42.85±4.43	1.221^a	0.232
D组右耳	30	42.25±4.74
E组左耳	30	53.75(52.81, 56.25)	53.75(52.50, 56.25)	54.000^b	0.168
E组右耳	30	53.75(51.25, 53.75)
F组助听前左耳	20	57.88±7.27	57.19±7.33	0.587^a	0.564
F组助听前右耳	20	56.50±7.52
F组助听后左耳	20	35.38±5.00	36.31±4.98	-1.642^a	0.117
F组助听后右耳	20	37.25±4.89
注：^a为t值，^b为W值。正态分布的计量资料以x±s表示，非正态分布的计量资料以M(P₂₅, P₇₅)表示。

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表 2 各组GDT与M-QuickSIN信噪比损失得分的相关性分析

Table 2. Correlation between GDT and M-QuickSIN SNR loss scores for each group

组别	例数	GDT(ms)	M-Quick SIN SNR loss score(dB)	统计量	P值
A组	30	3.65±0.81	0.26±1.81	0.287^a	0.124
B组	30	5.87±1.53	1.67±2.70	0.235^a	0.210
C组	30	5.76±1.33	2.67±2.26	-0.707^a	0.714
D组	30	11.15±2.91	5.72±1.35	0.856^a	＜0.001
E组	30	11.70(9.38, 14.13)	7.50(6.50, 8.50)	0.631^b	＜0.001
F组助听前	20	15.54±4.23	9.95±2.01	0.719^a	＜0.001
F组助听后	20	10.08±3.53	5.85±1.39	0.888^a	＜0.001
注：^a为r值，^b为r_s值。正态分布的计量资料以x±s表示，非正态分布的计量资料以M(P₂₅, P₇₅)表示。

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表 3 不同年龄、听力损失程度及助听器干预状态下各组GDT比较结果

Table 3. Comparison of GDT among groups with different ages, degrees of hearing loss, and hearing aid intervention status

组别	例数	GDT(x±s，ms)
A组	30	3.65±0.81
B组	30	5.87±1.53^ab
C组	30	5.76±1.33^b
D组	30	11.15±2.91^bc
E组	30	11.57±2.71^bc
F组助听前	20	15.54±4.23^b
F组助听后	20	10.08±3.53^a
注：各组间整体比较差异有统计学意义(F=50.260，P＜0.001)；与A组比较，^aP＜0.05；与F组助听后比较，^bP＜0.05；与B组比较，^cP＜0.05。

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