基于虚拟现实技术的翻转课堂在肿瘤学临床教学中的应用

张琼; 孔胜男; 李沂泽; 杨静; 张红梅

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004384

基于虚拟现实技术的翻转课堂在肿瘤学临床教学中的应用

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004384

1.
空军军医大学第一附属医院肿瘤科，陕西西安 710032
2.
西安交通大学自动化科学与工程学院，陕西西安 710049

基金项目:

陕西省研究生教育教改课题 YJSZG2023136

空军军医大学研究生教改课题 B-YKT202203

详细信息

通讯作者:
张红梅，E-mail：zhm@fmmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: R192 R73
计量
- 文章访问数: 3
- HTML全文浏览量: 2
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-18
- 网络出版日期: 2026-04-11

The application of flipped classroom based on virtual reality technology in clinical teaching of oncology

1.
Department of Clinical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China

摘要

摘要: 目的虚拟现实培训系统通过构建三维立体的人体结构模型来应用于医学教育。翻转课堂是以学生为主体的互动教学模式。本文旨在探索虚拟现实技术联合翻转课堂在肿瘤学临床教学中的应用效果。方法选取2021—2023年于空军军医大学第一附属医院肿瘤科进行规范化培训的专业学位硕士研究生和住培医师50人为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为试验组(25人)和对照组(25人)。以乳腺癌临床教学为例，试验组采用基于虚拟现实技术的翻转课堂教学模式进行临床带教，对照组采用传统教学模式，通过临床技能考核、问卷调查及满意度反馈等方式对比2种教学方法的教学效果。结果与对照组相比，试验组在诊疗原则制定及前沿临床研究了解掌握方面的考核成绩明显提高(25.84±2.61 vs. 23.64±3.49，t=2.535, P=0.018；25.64±2.27 vs. 22.56±3.39，t=3.774, P＜0.001)。试验组在自主学习及查阅文献能力、记忆掌握肿瘤TNM分期、分期的准确率及对肿瘤学学习兴趣方面有较大的提升，组间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论基于虚拟现实技术的翻转课堂应用于肿瘤学临床教学，使学员在自主学习及查阅文献能力、记忆掌握肿瘤TNM分期、对肿瘤学的学习兴趣方面有较大提升，在诊疗原则及前沿临床研究掌握方面的考核成绩明显提高，对增加教学满意度及提高教学效果起到积极的作用，值得进一步推广应用。
- 虚拟现实技术 /
- 翻转课堂 /
- 肿瘤学 /
- 临床教学
Abstract: Objective The virtual reality training system is applied in medical education by constructing a three-dimensional human anatomical model. The flipped classroom is a student-centered interactive teaching mode. This study aims to explore the application effect of virtual reality technology combined with the flipped classroom in clinical oncology teaching. Methods A total of 50 postgraduate students with professional degrees and standardized training residents who received standardized training in the Oncology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University from 2021 to 2023 were selected as participants. They were divided into an experimental group (25 people) and a control group (25 people) using the random number method. Taking breast cancer clinical teaching as an example, the experimental group adopted the flipped classroom teaching model based on virtual reality technology for clinical practice teaching, while the control group received traditional teaching. The teaching effects of the two teaching methods were compared through clinical skills assessment, questionnaire surveys, and satisfaction feedback. Results Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed significantly higher assessment scores in the mastery of diagnosis and treatment principle formulation and in cutting-edge clinical research knowledge (25.84±2.61 vs. 23.64±3.49, t=2.535, P=0.018; 25.64±2.27 vs. 22.56±3.39, t=3.774, P < 0.001). Moreover, the experimental group exhibited substantial improvements in self-directed learning ability, literature retrieval skills, memory and mastery of tumor TNM staging, staging accuracy, and interest in oncology learning. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The application of the flipped classroom based on virtual reality technology in clinical oncology teaching has significantly improved students' self-directed learning ability, literature retrieval skills, memory and mastery of tumor TNM staging, and interest in oncology learning. It also notably enhances their assessment scores in mastering diagnosis and treatment principles and cutting-edge clinical research. This approach plays a positive role in increasing teaching satisfaction and improving teaching effectiveness, making it worthy of further promotion and application.
- Virtual reality technology /
- Flipped classroom /
- Oncology /
- Clinical teaching

HTML全文

表 1 2组学员一般资料比较

Table 1. Comparison of baseline data between the two groups of students

组别	人数	性别(男/女，人)	年龄(x±s，岁)	入科前考试成绩(x±s，分)
试验组	25	13/12	25.96±2.91	82.84±9.17
对照组	25	10/15	25.56±2.47	81.60±8.67
统计量		0.725^a	0.521^b	0.493^b
P值		0.394	0.603	0.632
注：^a为χ²值, ^b为t值。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 2组学员临床实践能力考核成绩比较(x±s，分)

Table 2. Comparison of clinical practical ability assessment scores between the two groups of students (x±s, points)

组别	人数	问诊	体格检查	诊疗原则制定	前沿临床研究了解程度
试验组	25	16.80±1.66	16.60±1.35	25.84±2.61	25.64±2.27
对照组	25	16.76±1.33	16.28±1.88	23.64±3.49	22.56±3.39
t值		0.089	0.693	2.535	3.774
P值		0.933	0.491	0.018	＜0.001

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 2组学员教学满意度问卷调查比较

Table 3. Comparison of teaching satisfaction questionnaire surveys between the two groups of students

条目	试验组(是/否，人)	对照组(是/否，人)	χ²值	P值
自主学习及查阅文献能力	22/3	15/10	5.008	0.025
TNM分期的记忆掌握	23/2	13/12	9.921	0.002
肿瘤学学习兴趣	24/1	15/10	9.440	0.002
肿瘤分期准确率	24/1	14/11	10.964	0.001
临床思维能力	21/4	19/6	0.500	0.479

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(20)

[1]	查旭东, 彭浒, 纪振华, 等. 双轨合一"模式下医学专业型硕士科研能力的培养[J]. 中国继续医学教育, 2022, 14(7): 133-136. ZHA X D, PENG H, JI Z H, et al. Training of scientific research ability of medical professional master under the mode of "Two-track Integration"[J]. China Continuing Medical Education, 2022, 14(7): 133-136.
[2]	张巍, 仇玮, 杨涟, 等. 翻转课堂联合多学科协作诊疗在专业学位研究生血液学教学中的应用[J]. 中国当代医药, 2022, 29(11): 139-142. ZHANG W, QIU W, YANG L, et al. Application of flipped classroom combined with multiple disciplinary team in the teaching of hematology for professional degree postgraduates[J]. China Modern Medicine, 2022, 29(11): 139-142.
[3]	苑之仪, 汪一, 翟金保. 虚拟现实技术在临床医学教学中的应用[J]. 产业科技创新, 2022, 4(2): 65-67. YUAN Z Y, WANG Y, ZHAI J B. Application of virtual reality technology in clinical medical teaching[J]. Industrial Technology Innovation, 2022, 4(2): 65-67.
[4]	王进有, 庹舟廷, 汪鑫, 等. 智慧教学联合虚拟现实技术在泌尿外科临床教学中的应用[J]. 中国病案, 2023, 24(1): 70-72. WANG J Y, TUO Z T, WANG X, et al. Application of smart teaching combined with virtual reality technology in clinical teaching of urology[J]. Chinese Medical Record, 2023, 24(1): 70-72.
[5]	刘婧纯, 杨将, 王治, 等. 虚拟现实技术在妇产科学临床技能教学中的应用[J]. 中国病案, 2023, 24(2): 101-104. LIU J C, YANG J, WANG Z, et al. Application of virtual reality technology in clinical skills teaching of obstetrics and gynecology department[J]. Chinese Medical Record, 2023, 24(2): 101-104.
[6]	王鸿雁, 冯利, 曾素纯. 虚拟现实结合翻转课堂教学模式在心肺复苏教学中的应用[J]. 卫生职业教育, 2023, 41(17): 43-46. WANG H Y, FENG L, ZENG S C. Application of virtual reality combined with flipped classroom teaching mode in cardiopulmonary resuscitation teaching[J]. Health Vocational Education, 2023, 41(17): 43-46.
[7]	吴婧梅, 徐丽莉, 罗俏玲. 基于虚拟技术的"翻转课堂"教学模式在内科护理实践教学中的应用[J]. 全科护理, 2022, 20(32): 4600-4602. WU J M, XU L L, LUO Q L. The application of flipped classroom teaching mode based on virtual reality technology in internal medicine nursing practice teaching[J]. Chinese General Practice Nursing, 2022, 20(32): 4600-4602.
[8]	王佳, 梁葵香. 翻转课堂与虚拟现实技术在妇产科临床教学中的应用效果观察[J]. 医学食疗与健康, 2021, 19(1): 176-178. WANG J, LIANG K X. Observation on the application effect of flipped classroom and virtual reality technology in clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology[J]. Medical Diet and Health, 2021, 19(1): 176-178.
[9]	马俊巍, 衣雪梅, 唐慧峰, 等. 虚拟现实技术在围术期患者心理护理中的应用进展[J]. 吉林医学, 2024, 45(4): 919-923. MA J W, YI X M, TANG H F, et al. Progress in the application of virtual reality technology in psychological care of perioperative patients[J]. Jilin Medical Journal, 2024, 45(4): 919-923.
[10]	石晓卫, 苑慧, 吕茗萱, 等. 虚拟现实技术在医学领域的研究现状与进展[J]. 激光与光电子学进展, 2020, 57(1): 66-75. SHI X W, YUAN H, LYU M X, et al. Curent status and progress of virtual reality technology in medical field[J]. Laser and Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(1): 66-75.
[11]	王瑜瑾. 虚拟现实技术在临床医学教学中的应用研究[J]. 信息系统工程, 2024, 37(3): 36-39. WANG Y J. Research on the application of virtual reality technology in clinical medical teaching[J]. China CIO News, 2024, 37(3): 36-39.
[12]	刘林, 李佳佳, 伍燕平, 等. 病案教学结合翻转课堂模式在内科学临床教学中的探索与应用[J]. 中华全科医学, 2024, 22(5): 867-870. LIU L, LI J J, WU Y P, et al. Exploration and application of CBL combined with flipped classroom model in clinical teaching of internal medicine[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2024, 22(5): 867-870.
[13]	张燕, 陈慧蕾, 宣玲, 等. 翻转课堂结合MDT模式在产科临床教学中的应用探讨[J]. 中华全科医学, 2024, 22(5): 874-877. ZHANG Y, CHEN H L, XUAN L, et al. Exploring the application of flipped classroom combined with MDT teaching mode in obstetrics clinical teaching[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2024, 22(5): 874-877.
[14]	雷建灵, 温珍平. 翻转课堂联合NCCN指南在肿瘤学硕士研究生教学中的应用[J]. 内蒙古医科大学学报, 2019, 41(S2): 5-7. LEI J L, WEN Z P. The application of flipped classroom combined with NCCN guidelines in the teaching of postgraduate students in oncology[J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia Medical University, 2019, 41(S2): 5-7.
[15]	王峰, 肖琳, 孟祥瑞, 等. "翻转课堂"联合以案例为基础的教学模式在硕士研究生肿瘤学教学中的应用[J]. 肿瘤基础与临床, 2019, 32(4): 359-361. WANG F, XIAO L, MENG X R, et al. The application of flipped classroom combined with case-based teaching model in oncology teaching for postgraduates[J]. Journal of Basic and Clinical Oncology, 2019, 32(4): 359-361.
[16]	郭亚, 王中卫, 马秀龙, 等. 翻转课堂在放射肿瘤学规范化培训中的应用[J]. 中国继续医学教育, 2021, 13(24): 40-44. GUO Y, WANG Z W, MA X L, et al. Application of flipped classroom in standardized training of radiation oncology[J]. China Continuing Medical Education, 2021, 13(24): 40-44.
[17]	任庆兰, 刘雪. 翻转课堂联合CBL、PBL教学法在放射肿瘤学教学中的实践探索[J]. 现代医药卫生, 2018, 34(7): 1110-1111. REN Q L, LIU X. The practical exploration of flipped classroom combined with CBL and PBL teaching methods in the teaching of radiation oncology[J]. Journal of Modern Medicine and Health, 2018, 34(7): 1110-1111.
[18]	张琼, 孔胜男, 李沂泽, 等. 思维导图联合多学科团队教学模式在肝癌临床教学中的应用[J]. 现代肿瘤医学, 2021, 29(9): 1603-1606. ZHANG Q, KONG S N, LI Y Z, et al. Application of mind mapping combined with multidisciplinary team teaching model in clinical teaching of liver cancer[J]. Journal of Modern Oncology, 2021, 29(9): 1603-1606.
[19]	李沂泽, 孔胜男, 王筱雯, 等. 多中心多学科综合诊疗(mMDT)教学模式在肿瘤学临床教学中的应用[J]. 基础医学与临床, 2021, 41(5): 763-766. LI Y Z, KONG S N, WANG X W, et al. Application of multi-centered multi-disciplinary treatment team (mMDT) teaching model in clinical training of oncology[J]. Basic and Clinical Medicine, 2021, 41(5): 763-766.
[20]	张琼, 孔胜男, 刘青青, 等. MDT联合mini-CEX在住院医师规范化培训肿瘤内科临床教学中的应用探索[J]. 现代医药卫生, 2022, 38(21): 3740-3743. ZHANG Q, KONG S N, LIU Q Q, et al. The exploration of the application of MDT combined with mini-CEX in clinical teaching of oncology in the standardized training of residents[J]. Journal of Modern Medicine and Health, 2022, 38(21): 3740-3743.