Correlation analysis of risk factors in mild cognitive impairment combined with metabolic syndrome in elderly patients

Objective To analyze the clinical features and high-risk metabolic factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) combined with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in elderly patients, in order to reduce the incidence of MS combined with MCI. Methods A total of 493 elderly patients who did health examinations in Nanjing community health service centers including Xianlin and Huaqiao road from November, 2015 to November, 2016 was divided into MS combined with MCI group (group A, 58 patients), MS group (group B, 79 patients), MCI group (group C, 103 patients) and control group (group D, 253 patients). Age, smoking history and past history were recorded. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were detected. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. All subjects were evaluated with regards to the scores of Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), daily living skills assessment (ADL), Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). Make use of multivariable logistic regression analysis to analyze related risk factors of MS combined with MCI. Results (1) Levels of SBP, FBG, TG and BMI were significantly higher in group A than in group D. Levels of FBG, TG and BMI were significantly higher in group B than in group D, but HDL-C level was lower than that in group D. Levels of SBP were significantly higher in group C than that in group D, and TG were significantly lower in group C than that in group D (all P < 0. 05). (2) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that obesity (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m², OR=3. 685, 95% CI:1. 663-8. 167), hypertension (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg=0. 133 kPa, OR=2. 669, 95% CI:1. 247-4. 598), and high TG (≥ 1. 7 mmol/L, OR=5. 920, 95% CI:3. 064-11. 438) were the independent risk factors in mild cognitive impairment combined with MS (all P < 0. 05). Conclusion Mild cognitive impairment is affected by multiple metabolic abnormalities of MS in elderly patients. Obesity, high blood pressure, and hypertriglyceridemia are closely related to mild cognitive impairment combined with MS in the elderly.