Study on the relationship between the level of Lp-PLA2 in peripheral blood and coronary atherosclerotic plaque in diabetic patients

Objective To analyze the value of peripheral blood lipoprotein-related phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2) levels in diabetic patients for the assessment of coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Methods A total of 211 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus underwent coronary arteriography(CAG) in our hospital were enrolled as the object of study from February 2015 to October 2018. According to the results of the examination, they were divided into non-coronary atherosclerosis group(the control group, n=91) and coronary artery atherosclerosis group(the study group, n=120). Baseline data, laboratory indexes, and parameters of intravascular ultrasound were compared between the two groups. The correlation between plasma Lp-PLA2 level and patch burden(PB), Gensini score, plaque number and diseased vessel number were analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results There was no significant difference in age, body mass index(BMI), history of hypertension, triglyceride(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose(FPG), total cholesterol(TC) between the two groups(all P>0.05). The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1 c) and plasma Lp-PLA2 in the control group were lower than those in the study group(all P<0.05). The minimum lumen area and minimum diameter of artery in patients of the study group were smaller than those in the control group, while PB in the study group was larger than those in the control group(all P<0.05). The Lp-PLA2 level in plasma was positively correlated with PB, Gensini score, number of plaques and number of pathological vessels(all P<0.05). Conclusion High Lp-PLA2 is a risk factor of coronary atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and it is related to the severity of the disease. The detection of Lp-PLA2 has a positive value for the evaluation of the disease of coronary atherosclerotic plaque in diabetic patients.