The progress of research value of susceptibility weighted imaging in acute ischemic stroke

Acute ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of death in humans, which brings a great threat to human survival. At present, the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke can be assisted by magnetic resonance plain scan, magnetic resonance diffusion imaging and other means. However, for some atypical cases, the diagnosis is often difficult. Magnetic sensitivity weighted imaging can narrow the diagnostic range of many neurological diseases and help to make a definite diagnosis. Moreover, with the deepening of people's understanding of the technology, it has been increasingly used in the identification of neurodegenerative diseases, intracranial calcification and hemorrhage, the evaluation of patients with brain trauma, and the qualitative and grading of brain tumors. Magnetic sensitivity weighted imaging is a kind of magnetic resonance imaging technology developed in recent years, which has the advantages of high resolution and high sensitivity. It utilizes the sensitivity differences between tissues and detects their differences through phase images. It is relatively sensitive to paramagnetic effects, mainly by evaluating the susceptibility of different tissues. T₂* weighted gradient echo sequence is the basis of its sequence, which has the advantages of high resolution and high sensitivity. The magnetic susceptibility vessel sign is a low signal shadow corresponding to the occlusion of the responsible vessel. It is mainly related to the marked increase of deoxyhemoglobin content in the fresh thrombus of the responsible vessel formation. It is a main sign of the magnetic susceptibility weighted imaging sequence in patients with ischemic stroke. Because sensitivity-weighted imaging has many applications in neurology, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of stroke patients, it should be included in the routine examination program. Based on the principle of magnetic sensitivity weighted imaging, this paper reviews the research progress of its application in patients with acute ischemic stroke, mainly from the following aspects: the evaluation of cerebral microhemorrhage, arterial thrombosis, the evaluation of etiology and prognosis, the evaluation of ischemic penumbra and collateral circulation.