Current advances in diagnosis and treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome

ZHENG Hui; YANG Chengde

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003726

Volume 22 Issue 10

Oct. 2024

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ZHENG Hui, YANG Chengde. Current advances in diagnosis and treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2024, 22(10): 1750-1754. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003726

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ZHENG Hui, YANG Chengde. Current advances in diagnosis and treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2024, 22(10): 1750-1754. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003726

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Current advances in diagnosis and treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003726

ZHENG Hui^{1, 2}
, YANG Chengde^{1
,
,}

1.
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China

Funds:

82371799

Received Date: 2023-11-23
Available Online: 2024-12-28

Abstract

Abstract

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease that is characterized by the persistent presence of high titers of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in serum, recurrent arteriovenous or microvascular thrombosis, and pregnancy morbidity. It is currently believed that the aetiology of APS is based on the interaction between aPL (antibody-driven) and the innate immune system (non-antibody-driven). A variety of immune cells, the coagulation system, the complement system and cytokines are all involved in the pathogenetic process of APS. In addition to the characteristic manifestations of thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity, patients with APS frequently present with so-called "extra-criteria" clinical manifestations that have not been included in previous classification criteria. These may include thrombocytopenia, cardiac valve involvement, cognitive dysfunction, livedo reticularis, or other autoimmune/inflammatory complications. As our understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of APS has deepened, and as our clinical practice has broadened, it has become increasingly clear that the previous classification criteria are unable to meet the current clinical and research needs. Accordingly, the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) have jointly published the latest iteration of the APS classification criteria, dated 20 August 2023. In accordance with the prevailing management recommendations, anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy represent the fundamental cornerstones of APS treatment. However, there invariably remain numerous unmet clinical needs. The research progress in the pathogenesis of APS has revealed numerous new potential therapeutic targets in recent years, which may provide more treatment options for some refractory patients. The objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the current status of research into the diagnosis and treatment of APS. The objective is to enhance the understanding of this disease among clinicians and researchers in related fields, thereby facilitating more effective management of APS patients by clinicians.
- Antiphospholipid syndrome,
- Antiphospholipid antibody,
- Diagnosis,
- Treatment

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References(37)

References

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Current advances in diagnosis and treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome

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