Volume 24 Issue 2
Feb.  2026
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Article Navigation >  Chinese Journal of General Practice  > 2026  >  24(2): 225-230
HUA Nan, FANG Ying, YAN Liyuan, CHEN Panyun, LU Shanshan, ZHOU Jianbo. Analysis of the disease characteristics and differential diagnostic factors of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection-related gastritis and autoimmune gastritis[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2026, 24(2): 225-230. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004366
Citation: HUA Nan, FANG Ying, YAN Liyuan, CHEN Panyun, LU Shanshan, ZHOU Jianbo. Analysis of the disease characteristics and differential diagnostic factors of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection-related gastritis and autoimmune gastritis[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practice, 2026, 24(2): 225-230. doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004366
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Analysis of the disease characteristics and differential diagnostic factors of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection-related gastritis and autoimmune gastritis

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.004366

  • Department of Gastroenterology, Yangming Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315400, China

Funds:

 2023KY1152

  • Received Date: 2025-07-07
    Available Online: 2026-04-11
    Abstract
  •   Objective  To analyze the disease characteristics of patients with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection-related gastritis and autoimmune gastritis (AIG), and to explore the factors influencing differential diagnosis, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the early identification of gastritis types.  Methods  A total of 49 patients diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori infection-associated gastritis who received treatment at Yangming Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University from September 2022 to December 2023 were selected for the Hp group, and 49 patients with autoimmune gastritis during the same period were selected for the AIG group. The clinical data of the two groups of patients were collected. A retrospective analysis and summary were conducted on the disease characteristics and differential diagnostic factors.  Results  There were statistically significant differences in gastroparesis cardinal symptom index (GCSI), anti-intrinsic factor antibodies (IFA) positivity, pepsinogen Ⅰ (PG Ⅰ), pepsinogen Ⅱ (PG Ⅱ), PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ ratio, and gastrin-17 (G-17) between the two groups of patients (P < 0.05). During gastroscopy, the antral mucosa of HP-related gastritis showed a mixture of red and white, with white being dominant, and submucosal blood vessels were visible. Under AIG gastroscopy, it can be seen that the mucosa in the fundus and body of the stomach is thinning, with alternating red and white regions, primarily white. The presence of submucosal blood vessels are visible, and hyperplastic polyps can be seen, while the antrum of the stomach was relatively normal. The histopathological manifestations of HP-related gastritis were characterized by diffuse infiltration of superficial mononuclear inflammatory cells in the lamina propria and neutrophils in the neck of the gastric glands. Intestinal-type epithelial cells have been observed to replace the epithelial cells in the mucosa of the acid-secreting glands. The histopathological manifestation of AIG was chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, primarily in the basal layer of the lamina propria, with pseudopyloric metaplasia of the glandular epithelium or pancreatic acinar cell metaplasia being visible. Multivariate logistic analysis demonstrated that the PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ ratio (OR=0.278, P < 0.001) and G-17 (OR=1.268, P=0.005) were the factors influencing the differential diagnosis between HP-related gastritis and AIG.  Conclusion  The G17, PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ ratio and histopathology can be used to distinguish Hp-related gastritis from AIG, thus improving the accuracy of diagnosis.

     

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