Changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and CD4⁺T cell subsets in children with asthma

Objective The development of asthma in children is affected by the immune system,the aim of this paper is to investigate the changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and CD4⁺T cell subsets and it clinical significance in children with asthma. Methods Eighty children with asthma (asthma group) and 80 healthy children (control group) in our hospital from January,2013 to December,2015 were enrolled into this study.The peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and CD4⁺T cell subsets were measured. Results The levels of CD3⁺,CD4⁺,CD19⁺,CD4⁺/CD8⁺in asthma group were (62.13±11.24)%,(32.97±6.57)%,(24.35±11.21)% and (1.66±0.31)%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in control group[(71.16±12.64)%,(37.68±7.12)%,(13.87±8.46)%,(1.43±0.28)%,P<0.05].The level of CD8⁺(19.87%±4.21%) in asthma group was lower than that in control group (26.37±4.65%),P<0.05.The levels of Th2,Th17,Treg,Th17/Treg in the asthma group were (4.42±2.14)%,(1.71±0.97)%,(7.65±1.35)% and (0.22±0.05)%,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group[(1.96±1.25)%,(0.89±0.42)%,(5.91±1.28)%,(0.15±0.03)%,P<0.05].The Th1/Th2(1.31±1.32%) in the asthma group was lower than that in the control group (2.70±1.47%),P<0.05.There was no significant difference in Th1 between the two groups (P>0.05).The lymphocytes in the asthma group (36.57±13.24%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (59.64%±15.47%),P<0.05,the monocytes in the asthma group (12.17±4.21%) was higher than the control group (3.68%±1.74%),P<0.05.There was no significant difference in white blood cells and neutrophils between the two groups (P>0.05).The lymphocytes were negatively correlated with Th1,Th2 and Th17(P<0.05).The monocytes were negatively correlated with CD3⁺,CD4⁺ and CD19⁺(P<0.05),and was positively correlated with CD8⁺(P<0.05). Conclusion The lymphocyte subsets and CD4⁺T cell subsets in children with asthma are abnormal.Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and CD4⁺T cell subsets can be used to determine the immune function of children with asthma.